Internalization mechanisms of cell-penetrating peptides

• Ivana Ruseska and
• Andreas Zimmer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 101–123, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.10

• cargo by chemical cross-linking or by cloning, followed by the expression of a CPP fusion protein. Such interactions have been seen in several CPPs such as TAT derivatives, penetratin or polyarginines [10]. It seems that covalent modification is most suitable for charge-neutral oligonucleotides such as

Group-13 and group-15 doping of germanane

• Nicholas D. Cultrara,
• Maxx Q. Arguilla,
• Shishi Jiang,
• Chuanchuan Sun,
• Michael R. Scudder,
• R. Dominic Ross and
• Joshua E. Goldberger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1642–1648, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.164

• optoelectronic properties via covalent modification with surface ligands [3][24][25][26][27][28]. While the electron mobility of germanane at room temperature has been predicted to be greater than 18,000 cm2·V−1·s−1, transport measurements on non-extrinsically doped crystals were highly resistive, indicating the

Plasma fluorination of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes: functionalization and thermal stability

• Claudia Struzzi,
• Mattia Scardamaglia,
• Axel Hemberg,
• Luca Petaccia,
• Jean-François Colomer,
• Rony Snyders and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2263–2271, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.232

• groups) or to an approximate background evaluation [49][50][51]. The D-mode has been largely used as a diagnostic for disruptions in the hexagonal lattice of carbon nanotubes. The relative intensity of this mode can provide direct evidence of covalent modification and defect concentration. The D-band is

The convenient preparation of stable aryl-coated zerovalent iron nanoparticles

• Olga A. Guselnikova,
• Andrey I. Galanov,
• Anton K. Gutakovskii and
• Pavel S. Postnikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1192–1198, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.121

• analysis were performed in order to characterize the resulting material. Keywords: arenediazonium salts; chemical reduction; covalent modification; surface-modified nanoparticles; zerovalent iron nanoparticles; Introduction Functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) have aroused great interest recently

Synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes and their applications

• Saban Kalay,
• Zehra Yilmaz,
• Ozlem Sen,
• Melis Emanet,
• Emine Kazanc and
• Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 84–102, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.9

• section, examples of these two routes are addressed. Chemical modifications Due to their high resistance to harsh chemical conditions, BNNTs are consequently difficult materials for covalent functionalization (similar to CNTs). However, recent studies demonstrate that covalent modification is possible

• hydrophilicity, either covalent modifications or physical adsorption of a molecule or polymer is typically performed. Covalent modification can be achieved through –OH groups on B atoms and –NH2 groups converted from N atoms at the edges and at defects. The toxicity issues appear partially resolved in recent

Donor–acceptor graphene-based hybrid materials facilitating photo-induced electron-transfer reactions

• Anastasios Stergiou,
• Georgia Pagona and
• Nikos Tagmatarchis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1580–1589, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.170

• chemical reactions leading to the covalent modification of a graphene framework are displayed. Briefly, after the exfoliation of graphite, the following reactions can be performed to modify the graphene sheet (summarized in Scheme 1): [3 + 2] 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of in situ generated azomethine ylides